Introduction

Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku has been developed as part of the Māori Subject Headings Project jointly sponsored by LIANZA, Te Rōpū Whakahau and the National Library of New Zealand.

The purpose is to provide a structured path to subjects that Māori customers can relate to and use to find material in libraries. It is not intended to be used as a dictionary. It has been developed so that cataloguers and descriptive archivists have a reliable and comprehensive resource to use when describing material either in or about Māori. It will be used by the National Library of New Zealand to enhance its service to Māori library users. However it should not be seen as authoritative beyond its intended purpose for use in libraries and archives.

The initial list of over 1,000 headings and their associated references, appropriate for use at a public library level, is now available for use in libraries. As more terms are developed they will be added to the list. Feedback on the list and suggestions for future terms for inclusion are welcomed. Please contact reo@natlib.govt.nz

The Iwi Hapū names list is located separately at http://iwihapu.natlib.govt.nz/iwi-hapu/. 

Conceptual framework

In the Māori worldview, aspects of taha tinana/the people, taha wairua/the spiritual and taha hinengaro/the mind are intrinsically connected and related to each other. This model recognises both the traditional and contemporary perspectives.

Thesaurus structure requires adherence to standard conventions in the use of terms and how they are applied. In order to develop Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku, a framework has been formulated that retains the integrity of both worlds.

Structure of the file

The file covers subjects in te reo Māori representing a range of topics found mainly in published materials.
All the words with macrons file after the words without macrons, so ‘Paepae’ appears near the top, and ‘Pā’ near the bottom of a list of words.
The kaupapa or term is defined in both te reo Māori and English. It shows broader and narrower relationships and related subjects.
Terms in italics will lead to words chosen as subjects. Where possible, dialect terms are in italics, and name the iwi source.

The Main Index displays all the letters in the alphabet. Look up a word and all the index tabs will be visible. The Top Term Index lists all the broadest terms in the thesaurus in a hierarchical list. The Hierarchy displays the place of the term located within its own hierarchy. The Term Index returns to the letter searched.

Application of terms

The Library of Congress, MARC Standards Office, has authorised the use of a source code ‘reo’ to identify Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku thesaurus terms used as subject headings.

e.g.   650 – 7 |a Pōwhiri . |2 reo

The National Library of New Zealand will add subject headings from Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku to bibliographic records, as well as the usual Library of Congress subject headings, for all works written in the Māori language, or about Māori.

The terms have been loaded into the National Library catalogue and the National Bibliographic Database as authority records available to users of the cataloguing client. These authority records do not contain all the information in Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku and are therefore not intended to be a replacement. Libraries will be able to obtain a full set of these authority records to download into their catalogues. Users of the OPAC will be able to see references, scope notes, and broader and narrower terms in relation to records on the database.

Descriptors used in the file

Whakataki

He mea mahi ngā tahi Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku nei e LIANZA, e Te Rōpū Whakahau, e Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa anō hoki.

Ko te whāinga he kupu ūpoko e whai tikanga ana ki te hunga Māori e kimi kōrero ana i roto i ngā whare pukapuka. Ehara kau kē ia hei papa kupu. He mea mahi atu tēnei hei rauemi āwhina i ngā kaiwhakaemi me ngā kaikohikohi kōrero ki te whakamārama rauemi reo Māori ao Māori rānei. Ka whakamahia e Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa ki te whakakaha ake i ngā tautoko Māori. Otirā kāore i meinga kia whai mana ki waho atu i ngā whare pukapuka me ngā wāhi tukunga kōrero.

Kua puta kē ki ngā whare pukapuka ināianei ko te rārangi kupu tuatahi, neke atu i te 1,000 ngā kupu ūpoko me ōna whakamārama, e tika ana mō roto i ngā whare pukapuka. Kia puta ake he kupu hou anō ka āpitihia atu ki te rārangi kupu. Tukuna mai ngā kōrero mō te rārangi nei me ngā kupu hoki hei āpiti. Whakapā mai ki a   reo@natlib.govt.nz

Kei te ipurangi motuhake te rārangi kupu Iwi Hapū kei http://iwihapu.natlib.govt.nz/iwi-hapu/. 

Herenga whakaaro

I te ao Māori, he whakapapa kotahi tō te tangata, te taiao, me te ao wairua hoki. Kei tēnei tauira ko te ao tawhito me te ao hou.

Kei ngā tikanga papa kupu ōrite he taumata tika mō ia kupu me ia whakamahinga o te kupu. Mō Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku, kua oti tētahi herenga whakaaro hei hāpai i te mana o ngā ao e rua.

Te āhua o te rārangi kupu

Kei te rārangi nei ngā kaupapa i roto i te reo Māori mō ētahi kaupapa katoa e kitea ana i roto i ngā tini tānga kōrero.
Ka whai muri ngā kupu tohutō i ngā kupu kau ake, pēnei i te kupu ‘Paepae’ ka puta ki tōmua, ā, ko te kupu ‘Pā’ ka whai muri atu.
He mea whakamārama ia kupu ki roto i te reo Māori me te reo Pākehā. Ka whakaaturia ngā pānga whānui, whakaheke hoki, me ngā pānga kaupapa.
Ko ngā kupu tītaha ka toro ki ngā kupu kaupapa tonu. Inā mōhiotia, kua tuhi tītaha tahitia ngā kupu ā-iwi, me te ingoa o te iwi.

Kei te Rārangi Matua e tātai ana ngā pū kupu katoa o te tātai reta.  Kimihia atu he kupu ka puta ake ngā kupu tumu katoa.  Kei te Rārangi Kupu Tumu e tātaia ana ngā kupu whānui katoa o te papa kupu ōrite.  Kei te Tātai e whakaatuhia ana ngā heke o te kupu.  Ko te Rārangi Kupu e hoki ai ki te pū kupu rapu.

Te whakamana i ngā kupu

Kua whakamanahia e te tari MARC Standards Office, i te Library of Congress, te kupu nei ‘reo’ hei tohu i ngā kupu a te papa kupu ōrite Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku hei kupu ūpoko kaupapa.

pēnei i te   650 – 7 |a Pōwhiri . |2 reo

Ka tāngia e Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa ngā kupu ūpoko kaupapa o te rārangi Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku ki ngā rēkoata rauemi, me ngā kupu ūpoko kaupapa hoki o te Library of Congress, mō ngā tānga katoa i tuhia ki te reo Māori, mō te ao Māori rānei.

Kua āpitihia atu ngā kupu nei ki te whakarārangitanga a Te Puna Mātauranga me te Pūranga Whakarārangitanga ā-Motu hei kupu mana mā te hunga whakaemi rauemi mai ki tēnei whakarārangitanga. Kāore ēnei rēkoata mana e takune ana hei whakakapinga, nō te mea kāore te katoa o ngā kōrero a Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku kei roto. Ka taea e ngā whare pukapuka ēnei rēkoata mana katoa te tiki mō ā rātou ake whakarārangitanga. Ko te hunga mahi mai i te OPAC ka kite i ngā puna kōrero, ngā tuhinga āpitihanga, me ngā kupu whānui, whakaheke hoki mō te kaupapa i runga i tēnei pūranga kōrero.

Ngā kupu o te whakarārangitanga